The Structure of Shared Forestsin Ambiguous
نویسندگان
چکیده
The Context-Free backbone of some natural language analyzers produces all possible CF parses as some kind of shared forest, from which a single tree is to be chosen by a disambiguation process that may be based on the ner features of the language. We study the structure of these forests with respect to optimality of sharing, and in relation with the parsing schema used to produce them. In addition to a theoretical and experimental framework for studying these issues, the main results presented are: { sophistication in chart parsing schemata (e.g. use of look-ahead) may reduce time and space eeciency instead of improving it, { there is a shared forest structure with at most cubic size for any CF grammar and any sentence in its language, { when O(n 3) complexity is required, the shape of a shared forest is dependent on the parsing schema used. Some experimental measurements are given for various parsing schemata (LR(0), LR(1), LALR(1), LALR(2), precedence , and LL(0)), concerning the size of the parser, the parsing eeciency and the amount of sharing in the parse forest produced. Though analyzed on CF grammars for simplicity, these results extend to more complex formalisms such as uniication based grammars. Le noyau \Context-Free" de certains analyseurs du langage naturel produit tous les arbres d'analyse CF d'une phrase sous forme d'une structure unique appel ee for^ et partag ee. Un bon arbre d'analyse peut ensuite ^ etre extrait de cette for^ et par un proc ed e de disambiguation qui peut ^ etre fond e sur des traits plus ns du langage. Nous etudions la structure de ces for^ ets en consid erant la qualit e du partage entre les arbres repr esent es, et en fonction du sch ema d'analyse syntaxique utilis e pour les produire. Cette etude comparative est conduite dans un cadre th eorique et exp erimental unique dans lequel sont exprim es les dii erents sch emas d'analyse. Les principaux r esultats pr esent es sont les suivants: { une plus grande sophistication du sch ema d'analyse (par example l'utilisation de pr e-vision) peut r eduire les performances de l'analyseur au lieu de les am eliorer. { pour toute grammaire CF, et pour toute phrase de son langage, une for^ et partag ee peut ^ etre produite, dont la taille est une fonction au plus cubique de celle de la phrase analys ee. { si cette …
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تاریخ انتشار 1989